What is the primary function of the optic nerve?

The primary function of the optic nerve is vision. This cranial nerve, designated as the second cranial nerve, is responsible for transmitting visual information from the retina of the eye to the brain. When light hits the retina, photoreceptor cells convert the light into electrical signals. These signals are then carried by the optic nerve to the visual cortex of the brain, where they are interpreted as images. This process allows for the perception of shapes, colors, and movement, making vision one of the most critical senses for interaction with the environment.

Understanding the function of the optic nerve is key for appreciating how sensory information is processed in the brain, which is vital for clinical assessments and interventions related to vision and visual pathways.