What test is typically used to evaluate vestibular function?

The caloric test is specifically designed to assess vestibular function by evaluating the response of the vestibular system, which is part of the inner ear that helps control balance. This test involves irrigating one ear with warm or cold water, which creates a temperature gradient. The resulting changes in temperature cause a reflex response in the eyes, leading to movements called nystagmus. By observing these eye movements, clinicians can determine how well the vestibular system is functioning.

This test is particularly relevant for diagnosing conditions affecting balance and spatial orientation, such as vestibular neuritis or Meniere's disease. In contrast, other options like an electroencephalogram primarily measure brain activity, magnetic resonance imaging is used for imaging structures within the body (including the brain), and audiometry assesses hearing ability but does not evaluate vestibular function directly. Thus, the caloric test is the most suitable for assessing the vestibular system.