Which cranial nerve is known for controlling the majority of tongue movements?

The hypoglossal nerve is primarily responsible for controlling the majority of tongue movements, specifically the motor functions required for speech and swallowing. This cranial nerve innervates the muscles of the tongue, allowing for precise movements necessary for articulate speech and the manipulation of food during chewing and swallowing.

In contrast, other cranial nerves listed have different roles. The glossopharyngeal nerve is involved in taste sensations from the posterior third of the tongue and contributing to some of the swallowing movements but does not primarily control tongue movement itself. The trigeminal nerve is primarily responsible for sensation in the face and motor functions such as biting and chewing, while the vagus nerve plays a critical role in autonomic functions and controls muscles for swallowing and speech, but it does not directly innervate tongue muscles for movement. Therefore, the hypoglossal nerve stands out as the key player in facilitating the dynamic and intricate movements of the tongue.